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渊源英语 元音字母的读音
元音字母
a
e
i
o
u
开音节
基本读音
[ei]
[i:]
[ai]
[[u][u:]
[ju:]
特 例
1[a]2[a:]
无
3[i]4[i:]
5[q]41[c]
6[u:]
闭音节
基本读音
[a]
[e]
[i]
[c]
[q]
特 例
7[c]15[e]
9[i]
10[ai]
11[[u]5[q]
12[u]14[i]
8[a:]16[c:]
17[u]18[i]19[u:]
20[u:]21[e]
弱读音
基本读音
[[]
[[]
[i]
[[]
[[]
特 例
22[i]
24[i]
25[[]
27[[u]
28[ju]29[ju:]30[u:]
23[ei]
40[e]
26[ai]
31[u]32[i]
r 音节
形 式
ar
er
ir
or
ur
基本读音
[a:]
[[:]
[[:]
[c:]
[[:]
特 例
33[c:]
34[a:]
无
35[[:]
无
弱r音节
非重读r音节的读音所有r音节在非重读音节中都弱化为[[]
re音节
形 式
are
ere
ire
ore
ure
基本读音
[e[]
[i[]
[ai[]
[c:]
[ju[]
特 例
36[a:]
37[e[]
无
无
38[u[]
39[[:]
1.在h**e中 2.在tomato中，但美音读[ei]
3.在live,give中，但live也可读[ai]意为活泼的，现场的.
4.在machine,magazine,submarine,police中
5.在m,n,v,th前,如:come,some,done,love,dove,glove,son,
monday,comfort,month,monkey,mother,brother
6.在 l,r,j 后面，如：blue,true,june 7.在[w]后面，如：want,wash,watch,what
8.在ss,st sp,sk,th,f,n前面,如:pass,class,last,fast,grasp,ask,task,bath,father,after,staff,dance,chance
9.在pretty中 10.在-nd,-ld前，如：find,kind,mind,hind,child,mild,wild(dild稀释的,gild镀金的)
11.在-st,-ld前，如：most,ghost,host,old,told,sold.cold 注意both 16.在water中
12.在put,full,push,pull,中 14在busy中 15.在any,many及anything,anyone,anybody中
17.在woman中18.在women中 19.在whom中 20.在youth中 21.在bury中
22.在词尾的-a+单个辅音+e中，若是非动词private,palace,village,**,
23.在词尾的-a+单个辅音+e中，若是动词celebrate,congratulate,educate,
24.在重读音节后的-le中，如：telephone,elephant,elegant，
在前后缀中，如：ex-,em-,en-,es-,e-,-ed,-est,-et,-less,-ness
exam,express,employ,enjoy,escape,needed,biggest,ticket,careless,kindness
25.在holiday,possible,terrible,horrible,compatible,incredible,necessity中
26.在动词尾的元音字母 y,如：sat**fy,occupy,beautify
在词尾的-**e,ize中，如：exerc**e,realize,apologize,emphasize
27.在名词尾的 o,如：piano,photo,potato,tomato,radio
28.在词中的u常读[ju],如：congratulate,educate,graduate
29.在词尾的-ute,-ude中,如:attitude,institute 30.字母u前有l,r,j则[ju:]可读[u:],如：absolute,
31.弱读中的u前若有lrj,则可读成[u],如：conjugate,instrument
32.在minute,lettuce中 33.在[w]后，如：war,warm
34.在clerk,derby中 35.在[w]后，如：worm,word,world,work,worst 36.在are中
37.在there,where,中 38.在sure中 39.在were中 40.在content,comment中 41.在gone中
字母读音 发 音 条 件 例 词 bb[b]1一般情况 bed,bowl,beat,big,boat,bike,book,club,about,cabbage,[无]2通常在 m 后或在 t 前 comb,bomb,tomb,climb,lamb,debt,doubt cc[s]1在元音字母 e,i 前 city,cycle,decide,succeed,receive,recept,percent,[k]2在元音字母 a,o,u 前 cat,cap,cook,coal,common,cup,cuddle,cut,coat 3在所有的辅音字母前 class,create,back,account,accept,accent,4在词尾 picnic,traffic,medic,comic f5在ia,io,ie,ea 前 social,delicious,sufficient,musician,ocean,oce'anic ss[s]1在词首 sit,same,some,sock,sort,smile,school,spoon,supper,2在词中，后有清辅音 last,escape,grasp,ask,l**t,news** 3在词尾，且为非动词 th**,bus,thus,class,pass,gas,glass,us,delicious,serious,bias,maths,physics 4在非动词尾的-se base,case,house,mouse,use,close,注意(increase)[z]5在词中，后有浊辅音 hu**and,cosmic宇宙的，**rael 以色列 6在词中，前后有元音 present,desert,desire,7在词尾，且为动词 **,has,was,注意(as,news)8在动词尾的-se pract**e,adv**e,close,use,refuse注意(nose,rose,these,those)f9在元音字母u,ia,io前 sure,sugar,russia,expression,oppression压迫,v10前有元音后有u,io时 measure,pleasure,treasure,v**ion,occasion,dec**ion[无]11在词中 **land['ailənd],v**count['vaikaunt]子爵 动三单名复数[s]1.清辅音后 desks,tasks,lips,maps,mops,stops,asks,tips,paths[z]2.浊辅音或元音后 plays,wills,digs,potatoes,does,goes,bees,waters,s**ters,cars,clothes,tables[iz]3.在[f][tf][s][z][d v]+es washes,watches,ages,pages,teaches,boxes,glasses,[ts]4.在 t 后 pets,lets,streets,meets,terror**ts,writes,shoots,ghosts,notes,ins**ts,cons**ts[dz]5.在d 后 cards,regards,nods,注意 goods dd[d]一般情况 desk,dig,dog,day,door,bed,red,dead,fed,sad,head,nod 过去式[t]1.清辅音后 walked,passed,stopped,washed,m**sed,jumped,asked[d]2.浊辅音或元音后 played,willed,dogged,begged,robbed,closed,obliged,[id]3.在辅音 t,d 后 wanted,needed,landed,nodded,exhausted,ff[f]1一般情况 five,for,four,leaf,soft,f**our,f**ourite,fat,fall,fox,feed,fix[v]2作为特例 of gg[g]1一般情况 garden,g**e,get,give,gift,gill,girl,got,goat,gut,gulf,gun 2在词尾的gue league,dialogue,plague[dv]3仅在i(y),e前有时会gyve,gem,geography,gymnastic,gentle,giraffe,gyp骗子,gin杜松子酒,ginger姜 4在词尾的ge large,page,bridge,huge,oblige,edge,hh[h]1通常在词首 hand,hot,h**e,hog,hug,host,horse,hurt,happy,hurry,hope,her,hard[无]2在词首或词中 honest,hour,exhaust,exhibition,exhort(忠告，劝戒),honour,rhyme j j dv通常在词首 jam,joke,judge,joy,juice,june,july,january,jack,job kk[k]1一般情况 kite,keen,keep,cake,week,lock,sock,**,fuck,luck,stock,look,[无]2在词首后有 n 前 knife,knock,knee,knight,knack,knead揉，按摩,knob,knock['g]3在 s 后 sky,ski,skate,skeet,skelp快步走,skee,skill,skin,skip,skyway l l[l]1在词首 lock,land,light,land,like,love,lack,let,look,lake,live,luck,language[软 l]2在词中或词尾 milk,belt,mill,kill,school,cool,ball,tall,salt,fault,false,fall,cold,hold mm[m]1一般情况 mop,man,map,woman,many,madam,smile,smoke,mood,mark,monkey[无]2极少 mnemonics记忆术 nn[n]1一般情况 no,nod,need,net,noodle,nap,not,line,soon,noon,nine,sign,corn,garden[n]2在[k][g]前 bank,think,uncle,sing,finger,language 注意thank,sank pp[p]1一般情况 pen,plan,pinch,poke,prod,plane,please,stop,soup,hop,shop,sleep,['b]2在 s 后及 o 后 sport,speak,spot,speed,spring,space,express,expect,experience,copy,open qq[k]1通常跟u合作[kw]queen,quite,quiet,quick,quarter,quack,quit,quality,question,queue,iraq 2在词尾que unique,rr[r]1通常在词首 red,read,render,receive,review,rot,rough-and-ready草草赶制 2常跟w合作 write,wrong,wrap,wreck失事,wrestling摔跤 t t[t]1一般情况 top,ten,tall,talk,task,take,table,terrible,terror**t,turkey,last,past,not,hot['d]2在前后有发音字母时 letter,matter,s**ter,stop,city,little,cattle,steepy,step,steal,stab,stable f3在ia,io,ie 前 nation,partial,martial,patient,[tf]4在s后io前或在u前question,suggestion,picture,culture[无]5在-stle,-sten结尾中 crystal,castle,l**ten,fasten系住,gl**ten闪烁 vv[v]一般情况 voice,vote,le**e,love,five,v**ion,vibr**sa鼻毛,vice,vinegar,violence,violet ww[w]1在词首构成sw,tw,whweek,we,wait,wall,why,woman,wolf,weep,work,would,world,word,what,why swain,swallow,swim,swearword坏话,sweat,swan,sweet,swing秋千where,when twenty,twice,twins,twiddle捻弄旋弄,twelve,tw**t,tweeny女佣,注意two[无]2构成wh who,whose,wholesaler批发商,whole,whom,whoop,whore,whorehouse 3构成wr write,wrong,wrap,wreck失事,wrestling摔跤 4构成sw answer,sword,swordman剑客,sword arm右臂,sword bean刀豆 xx[ks]1一般情况 box,text,next,exerc**e,express,experience,excellent,fox,ox,[gz]2在重读元音前 ex**t,exam,exact,exhaust,exalt提升,examinee应试者,examiner主考官[z]3在词首 xanthippe泼妇,xcopy选择复制文件,xo,xylophone,xenophobe仇外,yy[j]常在词首 yes,yard,yesterday,yellow,youth,young,yeah,yacht,yale,yama,year zz[z]一般情况 zoo,zest热情,daze炫目,amaze,zebra,zero,zip,gaze,bu[b]在词首 buy,buoy,buoyant,build gu[g]1在词首 guest,guess,guide,guilt,guilty,gu**e,guitar注意比较gull海鸥,gulf海湾,gullet咽喉[gw]2在词中 language,d**tingu**h,qu[kw]1在词首 quite,quiet,quick,quarter,quarrel,queen,quack,quake,qualify,quality,quantity,quart quark注意读音,square,question,quest搜索，追求，quilt被褥,quip妙语 quit,quiz,quote引用引证,quotation[k]2在词首 queue,quay[ki:]码头 cc[ks]1在元音字母 e,i 前 accept,accede加入accent,access通路success,occident西洋accident意外事故[k]2在元音字母 a,o,u 前account计算账目accustom使习惯于occupy占领occur发生occult超自然的 occupant占有者居住者occupation职业occasion场合occasional偶然的 accommodation住宿accompany陪伴伴奏accompl**h达到accompl**hment成就 accord符合一致accordingly因此从而accost搭话 3在所有的辅音字母前 acclaim喝彩acc**tion欢呼acclivous向上斜的occlude使闭塞occlusion闭塞 th[w]1在词首或词尾 think,thank,theme,theatre,thief,thought,breath,cloth,bath,death,faith,tenth,mouth[t]2在词首或词尾 that,th**,the,those,these,there,they,thus,breathe,clothe,bathe,them,smooth