习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where,when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1.** th** museum_you v**ited a few days age?a.where b.that c.on which d.the one
例2.** th** the museum_the exhibition was held.
a.where b.that c.on which d.the one
答案：例1 d，例2 a
例1变为肯定句：th** museum **_you v**ited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句：th** ** the museum_the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where,that,on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选d。而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in+which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选a。关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词(where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语)。1)定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：
th** ** the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
the house,which we bought last month,** very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
2)当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：
charles smith,who was my former teacher,retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。my house,which i bought last year,has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。th** novel,which i h**e read three times,** very touching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。3)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
he seems not to h**e grasped what i meant,which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。liquid water changes to vapor,which ** called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。th** ** the house in which i lived two years ago.
th** ** the house where i lived two years ago.
do you remember the day on which you joined our club?do you remember the day when you joined our club?由as,which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and th**或and that。as一般放在句首，which在句中。as we know,smoking ** harmful to one's health.
the sun heats the earth,which ** very important to us.
典型例题
1）alice received an invitation from her boss,_came as a surpr**e.
a.it b.that c.which d.he
答案c.此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。2）the weather turned out to be very good,_was than we could expect.
a.what b.which c.that d.it
答案b。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。that 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3）it rained hard yesterday,_prevented me from going to the park.
a.that b.which c.as d.it
答案b.
as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：
(1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。(2）as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为b。as 的用法
例1.the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构,和…一样…。i h**e got into the same trouble as he(has).
例2.as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。as we know,smoking ** harmful to one's health.
as ** know,smoking ** harmful to one's health.
as是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。1)whoever spits in public will be pun**hed here.
(whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2)the parents will use what they h**e to send their son to technical school.
(what 可以用all that代替)
1）what=the thing which；whatever=anything
what you want has been sent here.
whatever you want makes no difference to me.
2)who=the person that whoever=anyone who
（错）who breaks the law will be pun**hed.
（错）whoever robbed the bank ** not clear.
（对）whoever breaks the law will be pun**hed.
（对）who robbed the bank ** not clear.
3)that 和 what
当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。what只能引导名词性从 句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。i think(that)you will like the stamps.
what we need ** practice.
1）不用that的情况
a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)the tree,that ** four hundred years old,** very famous here.
b)介词后不能用。we depend on the land from which we get our food.
we depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。b)在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,the one,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。c)先行词有the only,the very修饰时，只用that。d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词**时，只用that。e)先行词既有人，又有物时。举例：
all that ** needed ** a supply of oil.
所需的只是供油问题。finally,the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了**。回答者：11235831-见习魔法师 二级 1-11 20:47
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虽然答的都很全，但你解决了我的一些疑问，所以就选你了，哈哈
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其他回答共 3 条
一.定语从句及相关术语
1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有where,when,why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。二.关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1)the boys who are playing football are from class one.
(2)yesterday i helped an old man who lost h** way.
2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)mr.liu ** the person(whom)you talked about on the bus.
(2)mr.ling ** just the boy whom i want to see.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3)the man who/whom you met just now ** my friend.
3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1)football ** a game which ** liked by most boys.
(2)th** ** the pen(which)he bought yesterday.
4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5)the number of the people that/who come to v**it the city each year r**es one million.
(6)where ** the man that/whom i saw th** morning?5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1)he has a friend whose father ** a doctor.
(2)i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3)the classroom whose door ** broken will soon be repaired.
(4)the classroom the door of which ** broken will soon be repaired.
(5)do you like the book whose cover ** yellow?(6)do you like the book the color of which ** yellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导
(1)the school(that/which)he once studied in ** very famous.
(2)the school in which he once studied ** very famous.
(3)tomorrow i will bring here a magazine(that/which)you asked for.
(4)tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
(5)we’ll go to hear the famous singer(whom/that/who)we h**e often talked about.
(6)we’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we h**e often talked.
注意：1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for,look after,take care of等
(1)th** ** the watch which/that i am looking for.(t)
(2)th** ** the watch for which i am looking.(f)
2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
(1)the man with whom you talked ** my friend.(t)
(2)the man who/that you talked with ** my friend.(f)
(3)the plane in which we flew to canada ** very comfortable.(t)
(4)the plane in that we flew in to canada ** very comfortable.(f)
3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词
(1)he loved h** parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.
(2)in the basket there are quite many apples,some of which h**e gone bad.
(3)there are forty students in our class in all,most of whom are from big cities.
四．关系副词引导的定语从句
1.when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语
(1)i still remember the day when i first came to the school.
(2)the time when we got together finally came.
2.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语
(1)shanghai ** the city where i was born.
(2)the house...