情态动词will与would的用法
1.表示意愿
will 表示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿。如：
i will pay you at the rate you ask.我愿意照你要求的价钱付款。go where you will.你愿到哪里就到哪里。he wouldn’t help me yesterday.他昨天不愿帮助我。she asked if i would go with them.她问我是否愿同他们一起去。【注】(1)表示“意愿”的 will 有时可用于条件句中。如：
if you will allow me,i will see you home.如果你同意，我可以送你回家。(2)would也可表示现在的意愿，语气较委婉。如：
i’d go there with you.我愿同你去那儿。i wouldn’t go.我不会去。2.表示征求意见或提出请求
主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，will和would均可用，would此时并不表过去，而表示委婉语气。如：
won’t you take off your coat?你要不要把大衣脱掉?will[would]you please post the letter for me?请帮我寄了这封信好吗?would sunday night suit you?星期天晚上适合你吗?(from www.nmet168.com)
【注】(1)有时为使语气委婉，可用否定式。总的说来，用would比用will委婉，用won’t和wouldn’t比单独用will和would要委婉。(2)would有时用于提出想法，通常与like,love,hate,prefer,be glad,be happy等连用，若用于第一人称有时也可将would换成should。如：
i’d like[love]to h**e a look at it.我想看看它。i would prefer not to go out today.我今天不想出去。3.表示习惯和倾向性
will表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯。如：
oil will float on water.油总是浮在水上。th** window won’t open.这扇窗户经常打不开。he’ll talk for hours,if you let him.你要让他讲，他会讲几个小时。the wound would not heal.(过去)伤口老不愈合。when he was a child,he would often go skiing.他小时候经常去滑雪。(from www.nmet168.com)
he would sit there for hours sometimes doing nothing at all.有时他在那里一坐几个钟头，什么也不做。【注】有时would表示经常发生的令人不耐烦的事。如：
that’s just like him—he would lose h** keys!他就是这样，老丢钥匙!4.表示推测
will用于谈论现在，would可用于谈论过去，也可用于谈论现在(语气较委婉)。如：
th** car will hold six people.这辆小汽车可以坐六个人。ask him.he will know.问问他吧，他大概知道。you wouldn’t know.你不会知道。every family would h**e some sort of trouble.家家都会有本难念的经。the person you mentioned would be her father,** that right?你提的那个人想必是她的父亲，对吗?【注】有时可后接完成式，表示对过去可能已经发生的情况进行推测。如：
you will h**e heard of it.你已经听到那事了吧。(from www.nmet168.com)
i thought you would h**e fin**hed it by now.我想你现在可能已经做完了吧。5.表示执意或决心
will表示现在的执意和决心，would表示过去的执意和决心。如：
“tell me the secret.”“i won’t.”“把秘密告诉我。“我才不哩。i won’t h**e anything said against her.我绝不让谁说她的坏话。he would do it,though i told him not to.虽然我叫他不要做，可是他偏要做。【注】此用法可视为表意愿的加强用法，即强烈的意愿即为决心。6.其他用法
will 还可表示许诺、指示、叮嘱等，而would还可用于评论某一特定的行为等。如：
you will h**e your share.你会得到你那一份的。you will do as i told you.你得照我说的去做。that’s just what he would say.他就是爱那样讲话。you would never do anything to hurt me.你绝不会做伤害我的事的。7.would与虚拟条件句
有时用would，可视为是省略了或包含有相关条件的虚拟语气。如：
i might see her personally.it would be better.我可能亲自去看她，那样更好些。(=it would be better if i saw her personally.)
she’d be stupid not to accept.她不接受那才笨呢。(=she would be stupid if the didn’t accept.)